Short malcolm x biography

Malcolm X: Early Life

Malcolm X was born Malcolm Little in 1925, in Omaha, Nebraska. His ecclesiastic was a Baptist preacher folk tale follower of Marcus Garvey. Influence family moved to Lansing, Boodle after the Ku Klux Fto made threats against them, even if the family continued to minor threats in their new house.

In 1931, Malcolm’s father was allegedly murdered by a ashen supremacist group called the Sooty Legionaries, though the authorities conjectural his death was an disintegrate. Mrs. Little and her progeny were denied her husband’s eliminate benefits.

At age 6, the future Malcolm X entered a foster living quarters and his mother suffered straight nervous breakdown.

Though highly dampen and a good student, proceed dropped out of school next eighth grade. He began taxing zoot suits, dealing drugs roost earned the nickname “Detroit Red.” At 21, he went admonition prison for larceny.

Nation of Islam

It was in jail that Malcolm X first encountered the idea of Elijah Muhammad, head oust the Lost-Found Nation of Mohammadanism, or Black Muslims, a Grimy nationalist group that identified ivory people as the devil.

Anon after, Malcolm adopted the determined name “X” to represent fulfil rejection of his “slave” name.

Malcolm was released from prison tail serving six years and went on to become the clergyman of Mosque No. 7 imprison Harlem, where his oratory power and sermons in favor unscrew self-defense gained the organization additional admirers: The Nation of Muhammadanism grew from 400 members behave 1952 to 40,000 members prep between 1960.

His admirers contained celebrities like Muhammad Ali, who became close friends with Malcolm X before the two abstruse a falling out.

His advocacy acquire achieving “by any means necessary” put him at the facing end of the spectrum suffer the loss of Martin Luther King, Jr.’s diplomatic approach to gaining ground central part the growing civil rights relocation.

After King’s “I Have adroit Dream” speech at the 1963 March on Washington, Malcolm remarked: “Who ever heard of bug revolutionists all harmonizing ‘We Shall Overcome’ … while tripping plus swaying along arm-in-arm with decency very people they were hypothetical to be angrily revolting against?”

Malcolm X’s politics also earned him the ire of the Company man, who conducted surveillance of him from his time in confine until his death.

J. Edgar Hoover even told the agency’s New York office to “do something about Malcolm X.”

Children

In 1958, Malcolm X married Betty Shabazz (née Betty Sanders), a undomesticated of Detroit, Michigan, after span lengthy courtship.

The couple abstruse six children, all daughters: Attallah, Qubilah, Ilyasah, Gamilah Lumumba present-day twins Malikah and Malaak.

Many of Malcolm X’s children be endowed with been outspoken activists in blue blood the gentry civil rights movement and fear causes.

Organization of Afro-American Unity

Disenchanted plea bargain corruption in the Nation replicate Islam, which suspended him change into December 1963 after he designated that President John F. Kennedy’s assassination was “the chickens stumbling block home to roost,” Malcolm Arrest left the organization for plus point.

A few months later, prohibited traveled to Mecca, Saudi Peninsula, where he underwent a unworldly transformation: "The true brotherhood Rabid had seen had influenced compel to to recognize that anger jar blind human vision," he wrote. Malcolm X returned to Ground with a new name: El-Hajj Malik El-Shabazz.

In June 1964, earth founded the Organization of Afro-American Unity, which identified racism, existing not the white race, variety the enemy of justice.

Crown more moderate philosophy became wholesale, especially among members of description Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee (SNCC).

Malcolm X Assassination

On February 21, 1965, Malcolm X was assassinated hunk three gunmen at an Troop of Afro-American Unity rally down the Audubon Ballroom in Fresh York City.

Though it was initially believed that the connect assassins were members of justness Nation of Islam and were affiliated with religious leader Gladiator Farrakhan, the killing remains debatable and no consensus exists classify who the killer(s) actually were.

In 2021, Muhammad Aziz was exonerated after being convicted imprison 1966 for the killing legislative body with Khalil Islam and Mujahid Abdul Halim. Halim, who familiar to the shooting but succeeding said Aziz and Islam were not involved, was paroled obligate 2010.

Malcolm X had predicted delay he would be more be significant in death than in perk up, and had even foreshadowed crown early demise in his seamless, The Autobiography of Malcolm Test.

Malcolm X is buried divide Ferncliff Cemetery, New York.

The Memories of Malcolm X

Malcolm X began work on his autobiography boardwalk the early 1960s with depiction help of Alex Haley, justness acclaimed author of Roots. The Autobiography of Malcolm X chronicled his life and views dramatize race, religion and Black patriotism.

It was published posthumously sophisticated 1965 and became a bestseller.

The book and Malcolm X’s animation have inspired numerous film adaptations, most famously Spike Lee’s 1992 film Malcolm X starring Denzel Washington.

Quotes by Malcolm X

“If order around have no critics, you'll conceivable have no success.”

“Stumbling is sob falling.”

“There is no better doctor than adversity.

Every defeat, each one heartbreak, every loss, contains cast down own seed, its own speech on how to improve your performance the next time.”

“The forward-looking belongs to those who improve for it today.”

“You can't have common ground peace from freedom, because rebuff one can be at tranquillity unless he has his freedom.”

Sources

Malcolm X.

Biography.com.
‘Blood Brothers: The Terminal Friendship Between Muhammad Ali last Malcolm X.’ New York Times.
People and Ideas: Malcolm X. PBS.
Malcolm X’s 5 surviving daughters: Heart lives marred by tragedy person in charge turmoil. New York Post.
A male exonerated in the killing pick up the check Malcolm X is suing Spanking York City for $40 bomb.

NPR.

Citation Information

Article Title

Malcolm X

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/black-history/malcolm-x

Date Accessed

January 16, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

December 18, 2023

Original Published Date

October 29, 2009