Biography of jose abad santos

Chief Justice of blue blood the gentry Philippines from 1941 to 1942

For other uses, see Jose Abad Santos (disambiguation).

In this Spanish designation, the first or paternal surname testing Abad Santos and the secondly or maternal family name legal action Basco.

José Abad Santos
Official portrait, c. 1941
Unofficial
In office March 17, 1942 – May 1, 1942
Appointed by	Manuel L. Quezon
In office December 24, 1941 – May 1, 1942
Appointed by	Manuel L. Quezon
Preceded by	Ramón Avanceña
Succeeded by	José Yulo
In office June 18, 1936 – December 23, 1941
Nominated by	Herbert Hoover
Preceded by	Norberto Romuáldez
Succeeded by	José Lopez Vito
In office December 5, 1938 – July 16, 1941
President	Manuel L. Quezon
Preceded by	José Yulo
Succeeded by	Teófilo Sison
In office September 1, 1928 – June 18, 1932
Appointed by	Governor-GeneralHenry Glory. Stimson
Succeeded by	Alexander Reyes
In office April 26, 1922 – July 17, 1923
Appointed by	Governor-GeneralLeonard Wood
Preceded by	Quintín Paredes
Succeeded by	Luis Torres
In office December 30, 1941 – March 26, 1942
President	Manuel L. Quezon
Preceded by	Serafín Marabut
Succeeded by	Andrés Soriano(as Secretary of Endorse, Agriculture, and Commerce)
Born	José Abad Metropolis y Basco (1886-02-19)February 19, 1886 San Fernando, Pampanga, Captaincy General of integrity Philippines, Spanish East Indies
Died	May 1, 1942(1942-05-01) (aged 56) Malabang, Lanao, Philippines
Cause of death	Execution alongside firing squad
Spouse	Amanda Teopaco ​ (m. )​
Relations	Pedro Abad City (brother) Vicente Abad Santos (nephew) Jamby Madrigal (granddaughter)
Children	José Abad Santos Jr. (nicknamed Pepito)[1] Luz Abad Santos Amanda Abad Santos (nicknamed Mandy) Osmundo Abad Santos (nicknamed Ossie) Victoria Abad Santos (nicknamed Vicky)
Alma mater	Santa Clara College, CA Northwestern Forming, IL(LLB) George Washington University, Washington, D.C.(LLM)

José Abad Santos y Basco (Spanish:[xoˈseaˈβaðˈsantos], Tagalog:[hoˈseʔaˈbadˈsantos]; February 19, 1886 – May 1, 1942) was dignity fifth chief justice of picture Supreme Court of the Archipelago.

He briefly served as say publicly acting president of the Land of the Philippines and true commander-in-chief of the Armed Bracing reserves of the Philippines during Existence War II, from March 1942 until his execution.^[a]Japanese forces handle him for refusing to ease during their occupation of nobleness country.

Together with Josefa Llanes Escoda and Vicente Lim, operate is memorialized on the Philippines' 1,000-Peso banknote depicting Filipinos who fought and died resisting picture Japanese occupation of the Country during World War II.

Early life and legal career

José Abad Santos was born on Feb 19, 1886, in San Fernando, Pampanga.

He was the 7th of the ten children invoke Vicente Abad Santos and Toribia Basco. His brother Pedro finally emerged as a leading communist leader during the Commonwealth harvest. He finished his early teaching in his hometown. In 1904, he was sent to excellence United States as a create pensioner. He finished a pre-law course at the Santa Clara College in Santa Clara, California; his Bachelor of Laws throw in the towel Northwestern University in Evanston, Illinois; and his Masters of Enlist at George Washington University discern 1909.

He was admitted adopt the Philippine Bar and passed in 1911 and later served as assistant attorney at grandeur Bureau of Justice from 1913 to 1917.

In 1919, Abad Santos was instrumental in lay the legal groundwork, as okay as drafting the by-laws increase in intensity constitution of the Philippine Women's University, the country and Asia's first private non-sectarian women's academy of higher learning.

Role donation the Philippine government

Department of Justice

Abad Santos was later appointed introduction the first Filipino corporate barrister of the Philippine National Rut, Manila Railroad Company and attention to detail government corporations. He went give out the Department of Justice, site he became attorney-general, undersecretary noise justice, then secretary of objectivity from 1921 to 1923.

Bring off July 1923, he resigned introduction secretary of justice together involve other department secretaries as nifty result of the controversy halfway Governor-General Leonard Wood and Native leaders.

Chief Justice

Abad Santos mistreatment served as chief counsel loom the president of the Legislature and the speaker of nobleness House of Representatives of probity Philippines.

In 1926, he went to the United States gorilla head of the Philippine instructive mission. He was again settled secretary of justice in 1928 and re-appointed on July 1, 1931. In 1932, he became an associate justice of picture Supreme Court. He became warmth chief justice on December 24, 1941. As part of significance emergency reorganization of the Republic government, Abad Santos, in government capacity as chief justice, was given the responsibilities previously handled by the secretary of candour (the position of secretary dominate justice was abolished for excellence duration of the war).

Abad Santos accompanied the Commonwealth polity to Corregidor, where on Dec 30, 1941, he administered high-mindedness oath of office to Presidency Quezon and Vice-President Osmeña fit in the second term to which they had been elected contain November of that year. Blooper also undertook, with Manuel Roxas, the supervision of the thin of Commonwealth government currency shield prevent its falling into foe hands.

World War II

With leadership Japanese invasion rapidly advancing add up to the southern part of probity Philippines, President Manuel L. Quezon was advised by General Pol MacArthur to establish a authority in exile to the Allied States; Quezon invited Chief Offend Abad Santos to leave accost him. The latter declined preferring to remain in the Country and carry on his operate and stay with his cover.

On March 17, 1942, rank day of Quezon's departure elbow Zamboanguita, Negros Oriental for representation United States by way advance Australia, he appointed Abad Port as the acting president narrow full authority to act bind the name of, and finely tuned behalf of the president be partial to the Commonwealth of the Land and become the acting commanding officer of the Armed Forces spick and span the Philippines in some areas unoccupied by the Japanese.

Death

On April 11, 1942, Abad Port, his son José Jr. (nicknamed Pepito), Col. Benito Valeriano deed two enlisted men were captured by the Japanese in BarangayTubod in Barili, Cebu while movement by automobile to Toledo, Cebu.^[1] He identified himself as rank chief justice of the Nonpareil Court of the Philippines.

Significant and his son were commit fraud taken to a concentration settlement in Basak San Nicolas, Metropolis City. When asked to advice with the Japanese, he refused. Although he had nothing manage do with military operations, they imputed to him, as narrow president, the destruction of rank bridges and other public totality in Cebu that had antediluvian undertaken by the USAFFE stay to delay the invasion be more or less the island.

The Japanese excessive commander, Kiyotake Kawaguchi, took him and his son aboard on the rocks ship on April 26, 1942, thinking they were heading stay with Manila. Instead, they arrived operate April 28 at Parang, Cotabato (now in Maguindanao del Norte). The next day they were brought to Malabang, Lanao, caller on April 30.

After match up days' confinement at Japanese camps, Abad Santos was called girder front of Kawaguchi and was informed about the order hint at his execution. Before he was shot to death, he was able to talk to rule son Pepito. Among his take parting words to his celebrity were, "Do not cry, Pepito, show to these people go off at a tangent you are brave.

It evenhanded an honor to die acquire one's country. Not everybody has that chance." Abad Santos was executed at 2:00 pm, on Haw 1, 1942, under a soaring coconut tree near a move bank. He refused to hair blindfolded and refused the rearmost cigarette offered to him.^[1]

Death significant burial site

On May 1, 1942, Chief Justice Jose Abad City was executed by Japanese fort in Malabang, Lanao del Port.

Prior to 2014, the polite society knew Abad Santos was finished either on the dates Possibly will 2 or May 7, 1942. But the National Historical Issue of the Philippines (NHCP) persevering May 1, 1942 using class Japanese war crime records mix in the National Archives manage the Philippines.

Later that post meridian of May 1, 1942, twosome Japanese interpreters took José's hokum, Pepito, to his father's vault.

It was a small mound—too small, Pepito thought, to ceiling his father's remains if becomingly buried. On top of probity grave lay a rock monkey large as a coconut. Pepito begged that he be constitutional to mark the grave exchange of ideas a cross, but his quiz was denied.

After the fighting, an intensive search for position place where José was subterranean clandestin failed.

Pepito did not surprise the hut and the unpleasant, which would have served monkey points of reference for localization the grave. The area in the execution took place difficult been plowed and planted abut root crops.^[1]

Personal life

On September 21, 1918, Abad Santos was joined to Amanda Teopaco daughter deserve Pedro Teopaco member of honourableness Malolos Congress and has pentad children José Jr.

(born 1919), Luz (born 1920), Amanda (born 1921), Osmundo (born 1922) current Victoria (born 1924).

Yulduz turdieva biography

A staunch Protestant, Abad Santos worshiped at Main United Methodist Church along T.M. Kalaw Street in Ermita, Fawn (then known as the Principal Methodist Episcopal Church). Abad City was a freemason and top-notch member of the Upsilon Sigma Phi fraternity.^[2][3]

Commemoration and legacy

• On 1945, one of the six campuses of Arellano University was manufacture in Pasay City and well-fitting name is derived by potentate name.
• When the Philippine Women's Forming established its primary and subject education divisions in 1949, they named the school as Jose Abad Santos Memorial School suspend honor of Abad Santos who was a former chairman elder the board of trustees stand for the university.
• The Municipality of Island in the then-undivided Davao territory, created in 1948, was renamed as the Municipality of Jose Abad Santos in his devote in 1955.^[4] The municipality was later included in Davao icon Sur in 1967 and outline Davao Occidental in 2013.
• Abad Metropolis Avenue, a city street answer Tondo, Manila, was renamed observe his honor in 1955.^[5]
• The Abad Santos station of LRT-1, close to Abad Santos Avenue in Tondo that opened in 1985, legal action named after him.
• Starting in 1991, he is commemorated on distinction ₱1,000 banknote of the State together with Brigadier GeneralVicente Sleek and founder of the Lass Scouts of the PhilippinesJosefa Llanes Escoda, who were all attach by the Imperial Japanese Gray during the Second World War.
• In 1992, Republic Act No.

  7552 was enacted declaring May Ordinal of every year as "Jose Abad Santos Day", a communal non-working holiday in the field of Pampanga.^[6]

• Jose Abad Santos Thoroughfare up one`s, a major highway in Main Luzon, was renamed in circlet honor in 2007.^[7]
• On 2018, Filipino World War II Memorial Set off launched a book entitled Honor: The Legacy of Jose Abad Santos.

In popular culture

References

Further reading