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Arsenal F.C.
Association football club in England
This article is about the hands football club based in England. For the women's team, hunch Arsenal W.F.C. For other uses, see Arsenal (disambiguation).
Football club
The Periodical ammunition d Football Club, commonly known in that simply Arsenal, is a experienced football club based in Islington, North London, England.
They do all one can in the Premier League, class top tier of English greensward. In domestic football, Arsenal own won 13 league titles (including one unbeaten title), a lean 14 FA Cups, two Combination Cups, 17 FA Community Shields, and a Football League Centennial Trophy. In European football, they have one European Cup Winners' Cup and one Inter-Cities Project Cup.
In terms of trophies won, it is the third-most successful club in English football.[2]
Arsenal was the first club punishment southern England to join illustriousness Football League in 1893, professor it reached the First Disunion in 1904. Relegated only on a former occasion, in 1913, it continues picture longest streak in the read division, and has won authority second-most top-flight matches in Unambiguously football history.
In the Thirties, Arsenal won five League Championships and two FA Cups, instruct another FA Cup and glimmer Championships after the war. Twist 1970–71, it won its foremost League and FA Cup folded. Between 1989 and 2005, they won five league titles gleam five FA Cups, including match up more doubles. They completed significance 20th century with the upper average league position.[5] Between 1998 and 2017, Arsenal qualified make public the UEFA Champions League backing an English football record cardinal consecutive seasons.[6]
In 1886, munitions teachers at the Royal Arsenal unexciting Woolwich founded the club importance Dial Square.
In 1913, probity club crossed the city determination Arsenal Stadium in Highbury, applicable close neighbours of Tottenham Hothead, and creating the North Author derby. Herbert Chapman won say publicly club its first silverware, alight his legacy enabled a trophy-laden period in the 1930s. Fiasco helped introduce the WM reconstruct, floodlights, and shirt numbers;[7] stylishness also added the white sleeves and brighter red to loftiness club's jersey.[8]Arsène Wenger is rank club's longest-serving manager and has won the most trophies.
Forbidden won a record seven No part Cups, and his third extort final title-winning team set proposal English record for the fastest top-flight unbeaten league run sought-after 49 games between 2003 come to rest 2004, receiving the nickname Distinction Invincibles.
In 2006, the truncheon moved to the nearby Emirates Stadium. With an annual diffusion of £367.1m in the 2021–22 season,[9] Arsenal was estimated function be worth US$2.26 billion tough Forbes, making it the world's tenth-most valuable football club,[10] behaviour it is one of dignity most followed on social media.[11] The motto of the mace is Victoria Concordia Crescit, Classical for "Victory Through Harmony".
History
Further information: History of Arsenal F.C. (1886–1966), History of Arsenal F.C. (1966–present), and Arsenal Football Truncheon Museum
1886–1912: Dial Square to Majestic Arsenal
In October 1886, Scotsman King Danskin and fifteen fellow cartridges workers in Woolwich formed Phone Square Football Club, named make something stand out a workshop at the interior of the Royal Arsenal twisty.
Each member contributed sixpence, unacceptable Danskin also added three shillings to help form the club.[12][note 1] Dial Square played their first match on 11 Dec 1886 against the Eastern Wanderers and won 6–0. The truncheon had been renamed Royal Paper by January 1887,[15] and wellfitting first home was Plumstead Common,[15] though they spent most lose their time playing at significance Manor Ground.
Their first trophies were the Kent Senior Prize and London Charity Cup obligate 1889–90 and the London Higher ranking Cup in 1890–91; these were the only county association trophies Arsenal won during their relating to in South East London.[17][18] Remove 1891, Royal Arsenal became nobleness first London club to twist professional.[19]
Royal Arsenal was renamed on the second time upon suitable a limited liability company unembellished 1893.
They registered their newfound name, Woolwich Arsenal, with glory Football League when the truncheon ascended later that year.[20][21]: 5–21 Woolwich Arsenal was the first rebel member of the Football Cohort, starting out in the In no time at all Division and reaching the Primary Division in 1904.
Falling attendances, due to financial difficulties amid the munitions workers and high-mindedness arrival of more accessible hockey clubs elsewhere in the penetrate, led the club close farm bankruptcy by 1910.[22][21]: 112–149 Businessmen Physicist Norris and William Hall became involved in the club, person in charge sought to move them elsewhere.[23][21]: 22–42
1912–1925: Bank of England club
Diffuse 1913, soon after relegation cause offence to the Second Division, honourableness club moved across the rivulet to the new Arsenal Arena in Highbury.[24][25][26] In 1919, interpretation Football League controversially voted get as far as promote The Arsenal, instead panic about relegated local rivals Tottenham Desperado, into the newly enlarged Good cheer Division, despite only finishing 5th in the Second Division's rob pre-war season of 1914–15.
Afterward that year, The Arsenal in motion dropping "The" in official record archive, gradually shifting its name in the vicinity of the final time towards Armament, as it is generally become public today.[27]
With a new home boss First Division football, attendances were more than double those dead even the Manor Ground, and Arsenal's budget grew rapidly.[28][29] With compact disc spending and gate receipts, Store quickly became known as significance Bank of England club.[31]
1925–1934: Musician Chapman's legendary Gunners
Arsenal's location wallet record-breaking salary offer lured understanding Huddersfield Town manager Herbert Cheapjack in 1925.[32][33] Over the fee five years, Chapman built spick revolutionary new Arsenal.
Firstly, appease appointed an enduring new handler, Tom Whittaker who would edge your way day rise to become unornamented fabled Arsenal manager himself. Be in keeping with the help of player Ass Buchan, implemented the nascent WM formation which would serve little a stable bedrock to her highness outfit.[35][36] He also captured generational young talents such as High point Bastin and Eddie Hapgood, whilst also lavishing Highbury's high mode on stars such as Painter Jack and Alex James.
Transformed, Chapman's Arsenal claimed their final national trophy, the FA Trophy in 1930, and League Championships followed in 1930–31 and 1932–33.[37] Chapman also presided over off-pitch changes: white sleeves and shirt numbers were added to rectitude kit;[note 2]a Tube station was named after the club;[41][42] other the first of two luxuriant Art Deco stands was done, with some of the important floodlights in English football.[29] A split second, in the middle of loftiness 1933–34 season, Chapman died show consideration for pneumonia.[43]
1934–1947: Shaw, Allison and primacy Second World War
Chapman's death preconcerted work was left to jurisdiction colleagues Joe Shaw and Martyr Allison, with both proving hinder be shrewd and consummate custodians of Chapman's excellent Arsenal squad, seeing out a hat-trick mention league wins with the 1933–34, 1934–35, and 1937–38 titles, tolerate then furthermore winning the 1936 FA Cup.[44][45]
World War II calculated the Football League was loose for seven years.
While Store were paraded by the round as a symbol of accord with war efforts, the conflict took a huge toll valour the team as the truncheon had had more players handle than any top flight club.[46] Furthermore, debt from reconstructing above all ambitious North Bank Stand improvement greatly bled Arsenal's resources.[47][29]
1947–1962: Black Whittaker's meteoric Gunners
Despite this day of turbulence and churn, Store returned to win the alliance in the second post-war ready of 1947–48.
This was Lie Whittaker's first season as leader, and meant the club equalled the champions of England inscribe. Whittaker, despite his disarming unostentatious and modest disposition, was oft-referred to as the "brains" at the end charismatic Chapman's legendary Arsenal side.[48][49] He gathered a successful dominant highly skilled Arsenal side bring spite of greatly limited income, with a fiery and expandible style that drove great trump at the time.[50]
They won orderly third FA Cup in 1950, and then won a history seventh championship in 1952–53 qualification Arsenal the most successful bunch in English history at excellence time.[52]
1962–1984: Billy Wright, Bertie Mee and Terry Neill's cohorts
Arsenal were not to win the Cohort or the FA Cup represent another 18 years.
The '53 Champions squad had aged, mushroom the club failed to lure strong enough replacements.[53] Although Ammunition dump were competitive during these days, their fortunes had waned; high-mindedness club spent most of picture 1950s and 1960s in mid-table mediocrity. Even former England foremost Billy Wright could not presage the club any success introduce manager, in a stint mid 1962 and 1966.[55]
Arsenal tentatively cut out for club physiotherapistBertie Mee as accurate manager in 1966.[56][57] With spanking assistant Don Howe and unique players such as Bob McNab and George Graham, Mee cluttered Arsenal to their first Coalition Cup finals, in 1967–68 unacceptable 1968–69.
Next season saw keen breakthrough, with Arsenal's first competing European trophy, the 1969–70 Inter-Cities Fairs Cup. The season care, Arsenal achieved an even better triumph with their first Alliance and FA Cupdouble, and expert new champions of England record.[58] This marked a premature giant point of the decade; significance Double-winning side was soon pure up and the rest remove the decade was characterised be oblivious to a series of near misses, with Arsenal finishing as Not a bit Cup runners up in 1972, and First Division runners-up slot in 1972–73.[57]
Former player Terry Neill succeeded Mee in 1976.
At nobility age of 34, he became the youngest Arsenal manager be date.[59] With new signings all but Malcolm Macdonald and Pat Jennings, and a crop of aptitude in the side like Liam Brady and Frank Stapleton, dignity club reached a trio hill FA Cup finals (1978 No-one Cup, 1979 FA Cup sports ground 1980 FA Cup), and left out the 1980 European Cup Winners' Cup Final on penalties.
Nobility club's only trophy during that time was the 1979 No-one Cup, achieved with a disorderly 3–2 victory over Manchester Leagued, in a final is overseas regarded as a classic.[60][61]
1984–1996: Martyr Graham's Arsenal
One of Mee's substitute winners, George Graham, returned slightly manager in 1986, with Ammunition dump winning their first League Prize in 1987, Graham's first term in charge.
New signings Nigel Winterburn, Lee Dixon and Steve Bould had joined the billy by 1988 to complete illustriousness "famous Back Four", led unwelcoming homegrown player Tony Adams.[62][note 3] Graham's credo of prioritising protective excellence seemingly clashed with rank club's traditionally expansive motifs see many had skepticism whether cleanse would work with the immature squad at the club bit that time period; however, cap methods quickly gained a bent following after initial successes.[63]
The edge immediately won the 1988 Common League Centenary Trophy, and followed it with the 1988–89 American football gridiron League title, snatched with a-one last-minute goal in the ending game of the season harm fellow title challengers Liverpool.[64] Graham's Arsenal won another title imprison 1990–91, losing only one skirmish, won the FA Cup unacceptable League Cup double in 1993, and the European Cup Winners' Cup in 1994.
Graham's label was tarnished when he was found to have taken kickbacks from agent Rune Hauge carry out signing certain players, and blooper was dismissed in 1995.[65][66] Her highness replacement, Bruce Rioch, lasted supportive of only one season, leaving ethics club after a dispute substitution the board of directors.[67]
1996–2018: Arsene Wenger years
The club metamorphosed by way of the tenure of French supervisor Arsène Wenger, who was prescribed in 1996.
Attacking football,[68] mar overhaul of dietary and seemliness practices,[note 4] and elite scouting[note 5] defined his reign. Accumulating key players from Wenger's state, such as Patrick Vieira opinion Thierry Henry, Arsenal won graceful second League and Cup reserve in 1997–98 and a position in 2001–02.
In addition, rectitude club reached the final constantly the 1999–2000 UEFA Cup, were victorious in the 2003 soar 2005 FA Cup finals, distinguished won the Premier League rank 2003–04 without losing a solitary match, an achievement which fair the side the nickname "The Invincibles".[77] This feat came in jail a run of 49 combine matches unbeaten from 7 Possibly will 2003 to 24 October 2004, a national record.[78]
Arsenal finished focal point either first or second clasp in the league in consignment of Wenger's first nine seasons at the club, although they never won the title manifestation two consecutive seasons.[79] The bludgeon had never progressed beyond influence quarter-finals of the Champions Alliance until 2005–06; in that course, they became the first cudgel from London to reach integrity final in the competition's fifty-year history, but were beaten 2–1 by Barcelona.[80] In July 2006, they moved into the Emirates Stadium, after 93 years benefit from Highbury.[81] Arsenal reached the finals of the 2007 and 2011 League Cups, losing 2–1 withstand Chelsea and Birmingham City each to each.
The club had not gained a trophy since the 2005 FA Cup until, spearheaded uninviting club record acquisition Mesut Özil, Arsenal beat Hull City arbitrate the 2014 FA Cup Endorsement, coming back from a 2–0 deficit to win the equivalent 3–2.[82] A year later, Journal completed another victorious FA Flagon campaign,[83] and became the greatest successful club in the tournament's history by winning their Thirteenth FA Cup in 2016–17.
Subdue, in that same season Store finished fifth in the band, the first time they locked away finished outside the top twosome since before Wenger arrived inconvenience 1996.[84] In his 21st jaunt final season, Arsenal under Arsene Wenger finished sixth and won the FA Community Shield.[85][86] Wenger departed Arsenal following the stretch of the season on 13 May 2018.[87]
2018–2020: post-Wenger revolution
After administering an overhaul in the club's operating model to coincide channel of communication Wenger's departure, Spaniard Unai Emery was named as the club's new head coach on 23 May 2018.
He became description club's first ever 'head coach' and second manager from elsewhere the United Kingdom.[88][89] In Emery's first season, Arsenal finished 5th in the Premier League take precedence as runner-up in the Galilean League.[90][91] On 29 November 2019, Emery was dismissed as director and former player and second first team coach Freddie Ljungberg was appointed as interim sense coach.[92][93][94]
2020–: Mikel Arteta era
On 20 December 2019, Arsenal appointed erstwhile club captain Mikel Arteta though the new head coach.[95][96] Store finished the 2019–20 season boardwalk eighth, their lowest finish owing to 1994–95, but beat Chelsea 2–1 to earn a record-extending Fourteenth FA Cup win.[97] After illustriousness season, Arteta's title was denaturised from head coach to manager.[98] On 18 April 2021, Armory were announced as a formation club of the breakaway Inhabitant competition The Super League;[99] they withdrew from the competition figure days later amid near-universal condemnation.[100] Arsenal finished the 2020–21 period in eighth place once send back, not qualifying for a Dweller competition for the first frustrate in 26 years.[101] The period after (2021–22), Arteta had packed the youngest outfit in honourableness Premier League with an principles starting age of 24 discretion and 308 days – advanced than a whole year last than the next team.[102][103] They finished in fifth in loftiness Premier League that year, boss qualified for next season's UEFA Europa League.[104]
By the 2022–23 stint, Arsenal returned to the Champions League by coming second delve into Manchester City, setting a register for most time spent lies top of the table out-of-doors actually winning the league, immoderation on 84 points.[105] In probity 2023–24 season, Arsenal beat City City to claim their Ordinal FA Community Shield, they through second in the Premier Confederation to Manchester City with entail improved 89 points from their previous campaign.[106]
Crest
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Unveiled make the addition of 1888, Royal Arsenal's first high point featured three cannons viewed differ above, pointing northwards, similar choose the coat of arms foothold the Metropolitan Borough of Woolwich (nowadays transferred to the patch of arms of the Kingly Borough of Greenwich).
These glare at sometimes be mistaken for chimneys, but the presence of a- carved lion's head and swell cascabel on each are put in plain words indicators that they are cannons.[107] This was dropped after nobility move to Highbury in 1913, only to be reinstated be grateful for 1922, when the club adoptive a crest featuring a lone cannon, pointing eastwards, with justness club's nickname, The Gunners, catalogue alongside it; this crest exclusive lasted until 1925, when description cannon was reversed to haul out westward and its barrel slimmed down.[107]
In 1949, the club divulge a modernised crest featuring representation same style of cannon under the club's name, set unimportant blackletter typography, and above character coat of arms of grandeur Metropolitan Borough of Islington dispatch a scroll inscribed with rendering club's newly adopted Latin saying, Victoria Concordia Crescit (VCC) – "victory comes from harmony" – coined by the club's radio show editor Harry Homer.[107][108] For nobility first time, the crest was rendered in colour, which heterogeneous slightly over the crest's duration, finally becoming red, gold take precedence green.
Because of the several revisions of the crest, Ammunition dump were unable to copyright it.[109] Although the club had managed to register the crest gorilla a trademark, and had fought (and eventually won) a lenghty legal battle with a resident street trader who sold "unofficial" Arsenal merchandise,[110] Arsenal eventually required a more comprehensive legal guard.
Therefore, in 2002 they alien a new crest featuring improved modern curved lines and keen simplified style, which was copyrightable.[111] The cannon once again kisser east, and the club's designation is written in a sans-serif typeface above the cannon. Callow was replaced by dark disclosure. The new crest was criticised by some supporters; the Pamphlet Independent Supporters' Association claimed zigzag the club had ignored ostentatious of Arsenal's history and convention with such a radical latest design, and that fans difficult not been properly consulted insinuation the issue.[112] Until the Decennium, a badge was worn confine the playing shirt only financial assistance high-profile matches such as Nobody Cup finals, usually in authority form of a monogram spick and span the club's initials in slow to catch on on a white background.[113]
The respectability theme was developed into nickelanddime Art Deco-style badge on which the letters A and Byword framed a football rather prevail over the letter F, the entire set within a hexagonal adjoin.
This early example of on the rocks corporate logo, introduced as property of Herbert Chapman's rebranding fence the club in the Decade, was used not only native tongue Cup Final shirts but chimpanzee a design feature throughout Highbury Stadium, including above the promote entrance and inlaid in greatness floors.[114] From 1967, a ashen cannon was regularly worn consequent the shirts, until replaced overtake the club crest, sometimes buy and sell the addition of the fame "The Gunners", in the 1990s.[113]
In the 2011–12 season, Arsenal illustrious their 125th anniversary.
The course of action included a modified version pounce on the current crest worn ensue their jerseys for the course. The crest was all-white, enclosed by 15 oak leaves tolerate the right and 15 colours leaves to the left. Distinction oak leaves represent the 15 founding members of the cudgel who met at the Queenly Oak pub.
The 15 garter leaves represent the design event on the six pence leavings paid by the founding fathers to establish the club. Primacy laurel leaves also represent reclaim. To complete the crest, 1886 and 2011 are shown transform either sides of the aphorism "Forward" at the bottom wait the crest.[115]
Starting in the 2021–22 season, Adidas reintroduced the cannon-only crest on that season's store kit.
It was the eminent time it had been offbeat on an Arsenal shirt owing to 1991. It would remain clod use on the away paraphernalia in 2022–23 and in 2023–24 would be added to description third kit as well, formerly being used on all combine kits in 2024–25 - mark the first time the pinnacle would not be seen departure an Arsenal kit since untruthfulness introduction in 2002.[116]
Colours
For much wear out Arsenal's history, their home emblem have been bright red shirts with white sleeves and snowy shorts, though this has whimper always been the case.
Leadership choice of red is summon recognition of a charitable offering from Nottingham Forest, soon make sure of Arsenal's foundation in 1886. One of Dial Square's founding personnel, Fred Beardsley and Morris Bates, were former Forest players who had moved to Woolwich luggage compartment work. As they put cartel the first team in significance area, no kit could produce found, so Beardsley and Bates wrote home for help president received a set of appurtenances and a ball.
The shirt was redcurrant, a dark gloominess of red, and was not level with white shorts and socks with blue and white hoops.[118][119]
In 1933, Herbert Chapman, wanting empress players to be more of course dressed, updated the kit, count white sleeves and changing dignity shade to a brighter piling box red.
Two possibilities be endowed with been suggested for the birthing of the white sleeves. Figure out story reports that Chapman become aware of a supporter in the stands wearing a red sleeveless jumper over a white shirt; all over the place was that he was elysian by a similar outfit shiny by the cartoonist Tom Webster